国际计划生育联合会性与生殖权利宪章

宪章概要：
国际计划生育联合会性与生殖权利宪章以十二项权利为基础，这些权利以核心国际人权法律文件为基础；国际计划生育联合会相信这些法律文件暗含着附加的权利。本宪章代表着国际计划生育联合会对向国际协商一致的性与生殖健康及其权利发起挑战的反应。通过吸收国际人权条约中的核心理念，本宪章阐明了作为关键人权决议的性与生殖权利的合法性。既然这些条约具有国际法的地位，已经批准这些条约的国家就已经在其国家的立法体制内就尊重这些权利承担着法律义务。本宪章成文为言简意骇的形式，以帮助非政府组织据此敦促政府就已经担负的人权总体承诺和性与生殖权利特别承诺应负有责任。
以下呈现附加了相关的性与生殖权利条款的这十二项基本人权：

生命的权利
本宪章声明，生命权利将应用于并应该援引于保护其生命由于妊娠而处于现时危险之中的妇女。

个人自由与安全的权利
本宪章声明，个人自由与安全的权利将应用于并应该援引于保护现时处于生殖器毁损或屈从于强制怀孕、强制绝育或流产危险之中的妇女。

平等与免于任何形式的歧视的权利
本宪章声明，平等与免于任何形式的歧视的权利将应用于并应该援引于保护所有人的权利，无论种族、肤色、性别、性取向、婚姻状态、家庭地位、年龄、语言、宗教、政党或其他信仰、民族或社会出身、财产、出生或其他地位如何，人人都应该得到保护。人人有权平等地享受与身体发育、性与生殖健康有关的知识、教育和服务。

隐私权利
本宪章声明，隐私权利将应用于并应该援引于保护所有接受隐秘程度的性与生殖健康保健知识、教育和服务的客户的权利，并且将应用于并应该援引于确保透露给服务提供者的有关个人信息的隐秘性。

思想自由的权利
本宪章声明，思想自由的权利将应用于并应该援引于保护所有人在不受思想、道德和宗教背景限制的前提下，获得有关自己的性与生殖健康教育和知识的权利。

获取知识与受教育的权利
本宪章声明，获取知识与受教育的权利将应用于并应该援引于保护所有人获得有关生殖调节所有方法的收益、风险和效果的充足的知识的权利，以确保他们就有关生殖调节方面做决定时，达到完全、自主与知情同意。

选择是否结婚、是否建立家庭与规划家庭人口数量的权利
本宪章声明，选择是否结婚、是否建立家庭与规划家庭人口数量的权利将应用于并应该援引于保护所有伴侣双方完全、自由和知情同意的婚姻。

决定是否或何时生养孩子的权利
本宪章声明，决定是否或何时生养孩子的权利将应用于并应该援引于保护所有人获得生殖健康保健服务的权利。这种生殖保健服务提供最大程度的安全、有效和可接受的生殖调节方法，并且对所有人是易得到的、能支付得起的和便利的。

卫生保健与健康保护的权利
本宪章声明，卫生保健与健康保护的权利将应用于并应该援引于保护所有人获得尽可能最好质量的卫生保健，并且将应用于并应该援引于保护所有人摆脱对健康有害的传统习俗。

科学进步的收益权利
本宪章声明，科学进步收益的权利将应用于并应该援引于保护所有人有权使用可用的生殖健康保健技术。这种独立研究的生殖保健技术已经出示具有可接受的风险简介/受益简介。该项权利还将应用于并应该援引于保护所有人在这种技术对健康和完好状态会带来损害时撤除使用的权利。

集会与政治参与的自由权利
本宪章声明，集会与政治参与的自由权利将应用于并应该援引于保护建立旨在促进性与生殖健康及其权利协会的权利。

免于折磨与虐待的权利
本宪章声明，免于折磨与野蛮或有辱人格的对待权利将应用于并应该援引于保护孩子、妇女和男人避免受到任何形式的性暴力、性剥削和性辱虐。

IPPF CHARTER ON SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS

Summary of the Charter:
The IPPF Charter on Sexual and Reproductive Rights is based on twelve rights, which are grounded in core international human rights instruments, and additional rights that IPPF believes are implied by them. It represents IPPF's response to the challenge of applying internationally agreed human rights language to sexual and reproductive health and rights issues. By drawing on relevant extracts from international human rights treaties, the Charter demonstrates the legitimacy of sexual and reproductive rights as key human rights issues. Since these treaties have the status of international law, states that have ratified them have entered into legally binding obligations to honour them within the legislative frameworks of their own countries. The Charter has been designed as a tool to help NGOs to hold governments accountable for promises they have made in upholding human rights in general, and sexual and reproductive rights in particular.
The twelve basic human rights, with examples of their relevance to sexual and reproductive rights work, appear below

The Right to Life
The Charter states that the right to life applies to, and should be invoked to protect, women whose lives are currently endangered by pregnancy.

The Right to Liberty and Security of the Person
The Charter states that the right to liberty and security of the person applies to, and should be invoked to protect, women currently at risk from genital mutilation, or subject to forced pregnancy, sterilization or abortion.

The Right to Equality and to be Free from all Forms of Discrimination
The Charter states that the right to equality and to be free from all forms of discrimination applies to, and should be invoked to protect, the right of all people, regardless of race, colour, sex, sexual orientation, marital status, family position, age, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status, to equal access to information, education and services related to development, and to sexual and reproductive health.

The Right to Privacy
The Charter states that the right to privacy applies to, and should be invoked to protect, the right of all clients of sexual and reproductive health care information, education and services to a degree of privacy, and to confidentiality with regard to personal information given to service providers.

The Right to Freedom of Thought
The Charter states that the right to freedom of thought applies to, and should be invoked to protect, the right of all persons to access to education and information related to their sexual and reproductive health free from restrictions on grounds of thought, conscience and religion.

The Right to Information and Education
The Charter states that the right to information and education applies to, and should be invoked to protect, the right of all persons to access full information on the benefits, risks and effectiveness of all methods of fertility regulation, in order that any decisions they take on such matters are made with full, free and informed consent.

The Right to Choose Whether or Not to Marry and to Found and Plan a Family
The Charter states that the right to choose whether or not to marry and to found a family applies to, and should be invoked to protect, all persons against any marriage entered into without the full, free and informed consent of both partners

The Right to Decide Whether or When to Have Children
The Charter states that the right to decide whether or when to have children applies to, and should be invoked to protect, the right of all persons to reproductive health care services that offer the widest possible range of safe, effective and acceptable methods of fertility regulation, and are accessible, affordable, acceptable and convenient to all users.

The Right to Health Care and Health Protection
The Charter states that the right to health care applies to, and should be invoked to protect, the right of all persons to the highest possible quality of health care, and the right to be free from traditional practices that are harmful to health.

The Right to the Benefits of Scientific Progress
The Charter states that the right to the benefits of scientific progress applies to, and should be invoked to protect, the right of all persons to access to available reproductive health care technology which independent studies have shown to have an acceptable risk/benefit profile, and where to withhold such technology would have harmful effects on health and well-being.

The Right to Freedom of Assembly and Political Participation
The Charter states that the right of freedom of assembly and political participation applies to, and should be invoked to protect, the right to form an association that aims to promote sexual and reproductive health and rights.

The Right to be Free from Torture and Ill Treatment
The Charter states that the right to be free from torture and inhuman or degrading treatment applies to and should be invoked to protect children, women and men from all forms of sexual violence, exploitation and abuse.