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性行为的发展
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性行为的发展阶段:
儿童期的发展 |
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“性反应”的发展
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“性教育”
现今的许多父母需要帮助孩子处理他们的性行为发展问题。在许多国家，政府、也包括私立协会和机构既为成人也为儿童提供性教育的资料。至于在讲英语的国度里，美国性信息与与教育咨询理事会的互联网(SIECUS)就是一个大众性教育资料来源。(点击图标)
“Sex education”
Many parents today need help in dealing with their children’s sexual development. In many countries, governmental as well as private institutions and organizations provide educational materials for both adults and children. For the English- speaking world, the American web site of SIECUS is a popular resource.
(Click on logo)
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父母和监护人经常会问自己，应该怎样对自己孩子的自我刺激和相互的身体探查（行为）做出反应。他们应该设法阻止、不理睬或鼓励这些行为吗？的确是一个疑问，对儿童存在诸如适当的“性”行为这样一回事儿吗？
在这个时候，不存在普遍被接纳的答案，甚至答案本身也可能使许多人产生反感。可是，在“全球化的”世界里，对儿童的不同的性脚本正在相互竞争之中，一些性脚本严厉，其它的则宽松。事实上只存在对所有的现代社会都一致同意的原则：应该防止儿童受到年长得多的孩子、青少年和成人的性欲求爱（erotic
advances）。通常，此类的“性”接触是不能被容忍的，并且如果成人卷入其中，他们会被当作罪犯受到惩处。
另一方面，儿童期的性脚本可能从一个社会和一个社交群体到另一个社会和社交群体变化多端。在“自由主义的”西方中产阶级社群，父母通常采取务实的态度：只要维持在私密之下，一些儿童期的“性游戏”会被允许，而且会完全限制与其他儿童和成人的相互的（涉性的）关系。取中庸之道的做法不可能就会保证（儿童的）“理想的”性行为发展，不过，在大多数例子里，还要顾及到孩子有一个持续的心理成熟过程，这才是一个行得通的处事方法。至少，我们现在确信，在一个宽以待人的环境里，孩子并不会经历任何的“潜伏期”[1]，他们会启动和继续他们的感官活动和性活动，直至进入和度过青春期。
Development of Sexual Behavior
Stages of Development: Childhood
“Sexual Response” 2
Parents and attending adults usually ask themselves how they should react to the self-stimulation and mutual physical exploration of their children. Should they try to stop it, ignore it or encourage it? Indeed,
is there such a thing as appropriate “sexual” behavior for children?
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At this time, there is no universally accepted answer, and even the question itself may scandalize many people. However, in our “globalized” world, different sexual scripts for children are competing with each other, some very strict, others permissive. There is only one principle on which virtually all modern societies agree:
Children should be protected from erotic advances by much older children, adolescents and adults. As a rule, “sexual” contact of this sort is not tolerated and, if adults are involved, they are punished as criminals.
In other respects, childhood sexual scripts can vary a great deal from one society and social group to another. In the “liberal” Western middle classes, parents usually adopt a pragmatic attitude: Some childhood “sex play” is allowed as long as it remains private, and clear restrictions are imposed on the interaction with other children and adults. Steering such a middle course may not guarantee an “ideal” sexual development, but in most cases it is a workable compromise still allowing for the child’s continued psychological growth. At any rate, we now know that children in a supportive environment do not experience any “latency period”. They begin and continue their sensual and sexual activities right up to and through puberty. |
