被禁止的性行为与性暴力

性暴力: 性器官毁损: 藉口 4

纯洁的藉口
这种习俗的男性拥护者有数个论点，其中之一他们决不会公开承认：

• ①这种手术将通过削弱女人的性能力使她保持“纯洁”。女人的淫荡“生来”就过剩，而为了她们自身的利益必须得到控制。她们最优良的德行就是纯洁。女性的性欲是“不洁”和不道德的预兆。允许女性过多的性快乐极可能会使她们不孕，并导致她们乱交和卖淫。女性在结婚之前必须保持处女之身，而且婚后无性要求。以这种方式，女人将保持忠贞并维护其丈夫的荣誉。不过，通过自我愉悦，她也可能变得“不洁”。因而手淫必须通过及时的阴蒂切除加以防止。

• ②许多秉持这些观念的男人同样认为各种形式的女性性器官毁损将增加自己的性享受。因而，他们把婚内性交视为零和游戏（zero-sum game）：丈夫只有以妻子的代价才能够获益。因为她的性快乐被削减，那么他的性快乐才会增加。

最后，我们要分析的是，这些信念和态度根植于父权制的社会土壤。改变这些信念和态度是非常困难的，而且并非一朝一夕之功。

Prohibited Sexual Behavior and Sexual Violence

Sexual Violence: Mutilation of Female Sex Organs: Justifications 4

Chastity
Male defenders of the practice have several arguments, some of them never openly admitted:
1. The operation will keep a woman “pure” by reducing her sexual capacity. The sensuality of women is “by nature” excessive and must be controlled for their own good. Their greatest virtue is chastity. Female sexual desire is a sign of “impurity” and immorality. Allowing females too much sexual pleasure may very well make them infertile and lead them into a life of promiscuity and prostitution. A female must remain a virgin before marriage and sexually non-demanding thereafter. This way, she will remain faithful and preserve her husband’s honor. However, she could also become “impure” by pleasuring herself. Masturbation must therefore be prevented by a timely clitoridectomy.
2. Many of the men who hold these views also believe that the various forms of mutilating female sex organs will add to their own sexual enjoyment. Thus, they see the pleasure of marital intercourse as a zero-sum game: The husband can profit only at his wife’s expense. His sexual pleasure increases, because hers is diminished.

In the final analysis, these beliefs and attitudes are rooted in patriarchal social structures. Changing them is very difficult and takes a long time.