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变异的性行为
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性少数: 6.
易装癖者 |
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术语 2:
术语特殊指称
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在一些国家，术语“易装癖者(transvestite)”也用于指称穿着女性服饰并采取女性习性的妓男。不过，这种用法的含义与性学家所使用的用法的含义不同。的确，“疑为男性的人”[1]，他们中的大多数都非常年轻，也许会换穿异性服饰，但不是因为他们有任何的性取向的原因，而是因为纯粹出于挣钱的原因。他们换穿女性服饰，这能够吸引特定类型的顾客——即能够吸引那些不能承认自己有同性性兴趣的男人[2]。因此，这些男人追逐那些着女性服饰的男人，其中更偏好那些最为女性化的男人。他们就是以这种方式来伪装自己，假装自己没有真正地参与同性性行为。他们觉得与这些“易装癖者”[3]的性接触会确认和强化他们自己的男性气概。
这种现象最常见于把男性同性恋与女性气质等同看待的地方，而且是“男性崇拜(cult
of masculinity)”盛行的地方，例如在地中海国家和拉丁美洲等地区。从科学视角看，这些妓男本身可以是或不是易装癖者。他们可能或不可能认同女性性别角色，而且他们的主要性爱兴趣可能是同性恋的、异性恋的或双性恋的。对于他们来说，最高的兴奋点不在于“性爱”而在于钞票。说来也怪，在这些妓男的“男性气概”的顾客中，有许多人在性交期间偏好“被动”而逆来顺受的角色，面对这些“易装癖者”自己扮演成“主动的”角色。这一发现对于艾滋病预防项目的推广具有重要的意义。
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Variations in Sexual Behavior |
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Sexual Minorities: 6. Transvestites
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Terms 2: A special usage
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In some countries, the term “transvestite” is also used for certain male prostitutes who wear women’s clothes and adopt feminine mannerisms. However, this usage differs from the one used by sexologists. Indeed, the males in question - most of them young - may cross dress not for any sexual, but for purely economic reasons. Dressed as females, they can attract a certain type of customer - men who cannot admit their homosexual interests even to themselves. These men therefore seek out males dressed as females, and among these, they prefer the most effeminate. This way, they can pretend to themselves that they are not really engaging in homosexual behavior. Indeed, they feel that their sexual contact with these “transvestites” confirms and enhances their own masculinity.
The phenomenon is found most often in places where male homosexuality is equated with femininity, and where a “cult of masculinity“ is celebrated, for example in Mediterranean countries and in Latin America.
The prostitutes themselves may or may not be transvestites in the scientific sense. They may or may not identify with a feminine gender role, and their main erotic interest may be homosexual, heterosexual, or bisexual. For them, the overriding concern is not “sex”, but money. Curiously enough, many of their “masculine” customers prefer a “passive”, receptive role during sexual intercourse, assigning the “active” part to the “transvestite”. This finding has important implications for AIDS prevention programs.
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