关键概述-陈腐而无据的定势思维

1. 迷误——人类“正常的”性状态

从希波克拉底到玛斯特斯和约翰逊，各种各样的临床医学家们不仅治疗性功能障碍，而且也治疗性偏离(sexual deviance)。

就是说：他们不仅试图恢复、增强或减弱性活力，而且试图把性引入社会能够接纳的轨道内，他们已经把自己当作“正常的奴仆”，并且对此不辞辛劳，也就是说，他们首先只不过帮助人们达成该达到的“恢复正常”。如此这般，性治疗里第一个和最主要的无根无据的定势思维一直是迷信于“自然”赋予和健康的性，认为性功能障碍或性偏离仅仅是由于(各种)冲突的结果。反过来，一旦冲突停止了或者病理作用消除了，人体就会自动恢复“正常的性状态(natural sexuality)”。

然而，长期以来，现行的性治疗实践已经显示这种定势思维并不是事物的本来面目。

Critical Introduction - Old Silent Assumptions

1. The Myth of a "Natural" Human Sexuality

From Hippocrates to Masters and Johnson, therapists of various kinds have treated not only sexual dysfunctions but also sexual deviance.

That is to say: They have tried not only to restore, increase, or reduce sexual vigor but also to channel it into socially acceptable outlets, and they have done so on the assumption that they were "handmaidens of nature," i.e. that they simply helped people to achieve what should have "come naturally" in the first place. Thus, the first and greatest silent assumption of all sexual therapy has been the belief in a "naturally" given, healthy sexuality which becomes dysfunctional or deviant only as a result of interference. Conversely, once this interference has been stopped, and its ill effects have been eliminated, the human "natural sexuality" is automatically restored.

However, the actual practice of sex therapy through the ages has shown that this assumption cannot be true.